Culvert.



D.C.BOYD.

GULVBRT.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.20, 1913.

Patented May 19, 1914.

2 BHBETB-BHEET 1.

Sme/nio@ rhll -I F1151 IIJ# im .U1 MHV wow\ wow /wow\/wOw\/w{ow\ wow/MOM\HEWI m Ng 06 @Qn @0g AW OMV@ d Now @om New wo@ Mmmm www www 1-- LS- kwam. @wah @dkds MN. @www d@ m N 1|.- -l|-| il-, 11i! III w M 11 wp/sa @NyfQb/w u w K 40004 ,@@o Wk Oooqowoo OOO40\O oqoooq o @o o @o o o o o o o o we Uw/@Mgwm /#Nwvww JO ---l O m MC Nm @C D. C. BOYD.

oULvBRT.

APPLICATION `FILED 0OT.20,1918.

Patented May 19, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

51m/muto@ omvlo c. ramo 64W a5., L

dumme/q m Tl qwowmNo/o/qwowmowqwowqmdwqwowq iiniTnD sTaTns PATENT cierren.

DAVID C. BOYD, 0F GALION, OHIO, ASESIG'NOR TO THE GALION IRON WORKS AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF GALION, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

CULVERT.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, DAVID C. BOYD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Galion, in the county of Crawford and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Culverts, (Case A,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention comprehends certain new and useful improvements in mains and pipes, relating to water distribution and especially to culvert pipes formed of cast-iron.

From long experience in the art to which this invention appertains, I have found that cast-iron culvert pipes, in coiitradistinction to those formed of sheet metal, combine to a marked degree, when `properly constructed, the characteristics of strength, durability, capacity and economy, being practically indestructible; and I have also found as the resultsof actual tests, that the weak points of a pipe of this character are atthe crown or tread surface where the pipe is liable to become cracked by the cutting through of vehicle wheels, as for example, after the ground surface above the pipe has become soft, or partially or entirely washed away by rains. Hence, it will be understood that it is a desideratum in the manufacture of cast-iron culvert pipes to guard against this contingency and to produce a pipe which, while being relatively light and correspondingly cheap, will be strong, particularly at the crown and well capable of withstanding the crushing or cracking forces to which it is subjected in service.

With a knowledge of these conditions, it is the primary object of my present invention to produce a cast-iron culvert Vpipe which will possess to a maximum degree, the desirable features above mentioned and combine strength with lightness. And a further object of the invention is a pipe of this character which will be provided in its crown surface or wall with a plurality of perforations or apertures extending therethrough, the same being preferably tapered, with their larger ends disposed innermost, whereby the pipe will be found practical for certain purposes especially with railroads, the perforations being self-cleaning and not clogging or closing up as the material falling therein will quickly pass through the bottom part of the culvert pipe and be washed away. By making these perforations in tapered form, as thus described, it is Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 20, 1913.

Patented liIay 19, 1914.

sei-iai Nn. 796,213.

at once manifest that economies in the manufacture of the pipe are provided, because the pattern can be readily lifted from the mold, leaving the green sand cores projecting, and in this way the pipe will costno more to manufacture than the ordinary imperforate pipe.

l/Vith these and other objects in view as will more fully appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in certain constructions, arrangements and combinations of the parts that I shall `hereinafter fully describe and claim.

For a full understanding of the invention, reference is to be had to the followingdescription and accompanying drawing, in which,

Figure l is a plan view of one form or embodiment of my invention. Figs. 2 and 3 are similar views of other embodiments; and Fig. l is a transverse sectional view of the culvert.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and designated in all of the views of the accompanying drawing by like reference characters.

Referring to the drawing, the numeral l in all of the views designates a semi-cylindrical culvert pipe section designed to niate with or be supported upon and secured to a section of corresponding formation to form a complete cylindrical pipe section, in an evident manner. So far as this invention is concerned, these two halves or sections may be secured together in any desired way, as by bolts or similar fastening devices, extending through apertured and registering lugs 2 and, as is usual, the complete cylindrical section is formed at one end with a bell 3 and at its other end with a bead 4:, designed to be received in the bell end of an adjacent pipe section to form a culvert of of a plurality of stellated ribs G, the longitiidinally extending sides or portions of every two adjacent stellar formations being joined together, as clearly illustrated in the drawing at a and the transversely pointing or extending portions merging into transversely extending ribs 7 which extend to and terminate substantially in the side edges of the semicylindrical section. At this point it may be remarked that while the term semi-cylindrical is used to describe the sections 1, the invention is not necessarily limited to sections of that shape, as other shapes may be used as well.

Each stellated rib reinforcement 6 is, in this embodiment of the invention filled in with a ring-like or circular rib 8, as clearly illust-rated in Fig. l.

In that form or embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 2, the stellar rib format-ions, here designated 6a are, like the rib' reinforcements 6 hereinbefore described integrally joined together and also joined to transversely extending and longitudinally spaced ribs here designated 7a, but they are filled in, instead of with ring-like or circular ribs 8, with radiating and centrally joined ribs 8a, the outer ends thereof oining the inwardly disposed angles at the apices thereof.

VIf desired, the stellar formations may, asl

radial, or both, whereby a crown surface is produced which, not only includes relatively long longitudinally extending ribs 9, and a relatively large number of obliquely extending ribs 10 joined thereto, but within one case also circular ribs, whereby, no matter how a vehicle wheel should happen to strike the reinforced crown surface, that is, no matter at what angle to the transverse or longitudinal axis of the culvert, it `will meet ywith and ride upon a reinforcing rib which will eifectually protect the culvert .and strengthen it at the point where it needs the most strength and thus the crushing or vbreaking force will be effectually resisted and the culvert will not be liable to crack.

Anoth-er feature of the present invention resides in the provision of the apertures or perforations designated l1. It will be seen with their larger ends innermost, the culvert y section can be easily formed, owing to the fact that the pattern can be readily lifted from the mold, leaving the green sand'core's projecting.

Vvlhile the accompanying drawing illustrates what I believe to be the preferred embodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but that various changes may be made in the construction arrangement and 3ro Jortions of the parts without departing Vfrom the scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims. Y

Having thus described this invention, what I claim is Y 1. A culvert pipe section formedV on its exterior wall with a reinforced crown surface comprising stellated rib reinforcements joined together at their Vlongitudinally eX- tending sides and with transversely extend-V Y ing and longitudinally spaced ribs joined to and extending in opposite directions from their laterally projecting points. j

2. A cast-iron culvert pip-e section formed on its exterior wall and at the crown surface Y thereof with a plurality of stellated .rib rei inforcements and with circular insert ribs within the same Y 3. A cast-iron culvert pipe section formed on its exterior wall and at the crown surface thereof with a plurality of stellated rib reinforcements and with radial reinforcements within the same. Y j

4. A cast-iron culvert pipe section formed on its exterior wall and at the crown `sur-' y face thereof with a plurality of stellated rib reinforcements and with circular 4'and radial rib reinforcements within the same.

In testimony whereof I 'affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

VDAVID C. BOYD.

Witnesses:

GARDA HOLMES, VW. J. Gunn.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. CJ? 

